Law states that the vapor pressure of a solvent above a solution is equal to the vapor pressure of the pure solvent at the same temperature, when scaled the mole fraction5. Additionally, the boiling point occurs when the vapor pressure exceeds the atmospheric pressure1. The strength of intermolecular forces is affected molecular weight, the branching in the molecule and the presence of hydrogen bonds1. Moreover, molecules with stronger intermolecular forces tend to have higher boiling points4. It is the intermolecular forces that determine a liquids boiling point1. These are boiling points of liquids, Law, Law and azeotropes. When conducting a distillation, it is also important to understand several other concepts. For instance, a difference between and would be optimal3. Fractioning distillation works better then simple distillation when the difference in boiling points, between the liquids, is small1. It is this fractioning column that allows for repeated vaporizations and condensations to take place, which in turn allows the mixture to separate into its respective liquids much better1. Fractional distillation is very similar to simple distillation, but differs in that a fractioning column is placed in between the distilling flask and the condenser1. These vapors are then cooled and converted back into a liquid that flows into a receiving flask1. Simple distillation takes the boiling liquid in a distilling flask and directs the liquids vapors through a condenser1. There are two different vaporization techniques that can be implemented in an organic chemistry laboratory: simple distillation and fractional distillation1. The liquid that contains the highest vapor pressure is always higher in concentration and will therefore be collected first1. The capacity to separate a mixture of different liquids depends on each of the liquids ability to vaporize1. The whole process consists of three general steps: separation, evaporation and condensation1. Distillation occurs when a liquid is heated to a boiling point and the vapors condense above the boiling point1. For example, vodka is distilled, which increases the concentration of ethanol, in order to make it stronger2. Moreover, the process of distillation can be applied to every day life. Preview text Name: Danielle Curtis Partners: Gabbi Nguyen Misturah Abdulkareem TA: Olapeju Oyesiku Experiment 1: Simple and Fractional Distillation of a Binary Mixture Background: Distillation is a process that is used to purify and identify organic compounds1.
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